Water quality models: An overview
نویسندگان
چکیده
Through the Water Framework Directive (WFD) the European countries started producing integrated river basin management plans with the basic objective to achieve “good status” of water bodies by 2015. The main aims of these plans are to identify procedures for combating the deterioration or overexploitation of water resources in the territory of each member state. In the first phase of this initiative and in particular in the first improved river basin plans expected within the next 5 years, the water quality models are expected to play an important role, not only for assessing water quality and detecting trends of water quality parameters, but for identifying the impact on water quality of the various potential alternative actions included in the programme of measures of each plan. Today several water quality models exist and have been applied in many regions of the world serving various purposes. It is the aim of this paper to present in brief the most popular water quality models for rivers and streams which are currently available. An additional objective of the paper is to assess the capacities of these models for addressing the requirements of WFD. From the variety of models, the following selected water quality models are briefly presented and discussed: DRAINMOD, ECM, MIKE-11, MONERIS, SIMCAT, TOMCAT, TOPCAT and QUAL2K. Finally, the paper identifies the tendency of construction of the new generation water quality models.
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